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Showing posts with label stock exchange. Show all posts
Showing posts with label stock exchange. Show all posts

Feb 22, 2008

What is Group A, B1, B2, S, T, TS, & Z classification of BSE?

The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), India's leading stock exchange, has classified Equity scrips into categories A, B1, B2, S, T, TS, & Z to provide a guidance to the investors. The classification is on the basis of several factors like market capitalization, trading volumes and numbers, track records, profits, dividends, shareholding patterns, and some qualitative aspects.

As on February 2008 following criterion are used for classifying stocks into various categories by the Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE).

Group A:
It is the most tracked class of scrips consisting of about 200 scrips. Market capitalization is one key factor in deciding which scrip should be classified in Group A.

According to BSE circular dated February 5, 2008 the criterion is:
1. Company must have been listed for minimum period of 3 months.

Exceptions:
* The Company can be directly listed in group 'A' provided the market capitalisation of a company being listed, based on its issue price, is higher than the average market capitalisation of 100th company in the existing group 'A' as per the ranking based on preceding 3 months data.
* Any company permitted to be traded in F&O segment from date of its listing shall be directly listed in group 'A'.
* Companies listed subsequent to any corporate action involving merger/ demerger/ capital restructuring etc.

2. Companies traded for minimum 98% of the trading days in past 3 months shall be considered eligible.

3. Companies with minimum non-promoter holding of 10% as per the shareholding pattern of most recent quarter shall be considered eligible. The criteria of minimum 10% non-promoter holding shall not be applicable to public sector undertakings (PSUs).

4. The weightage of 75% and 25% shall be given to ranking on three monthly average market capitalisation and traded turnover respectively to arrive at the final ranks.

5. The list derived, based on final rank shall be screened for compliance and investigation. Based on this screening, the list of top 200 companies shall constitute group 'A'.

6. The group re-classification shall be reviewed twice in a year i.e. February and August.

7. On inclusion of any new Company in group 'A' based on criteria 1(a) or 1(b) detailed above, the last company in the existing group 'A', based on its final rank calculated on data preceding three months shall be excluded.

At present there are 216 companies in the A group.
We will look into Group B1 & B2 later.

Group T:
"It consists of scrips which are traded on trade to trade basis."

Group S:
"The Exchange has introduced a new segment named “BSE Indonext” w.e.f. January 7, 2005. The “S” Group represent scrips forming part of the “ BSE-Indonext” segment . “S” group consists of scrips from “B1” & “B2” group on BSE and companies exclusively listed on regional stock exchanges having capital of 3 crores to 30 crores. All trades in this segment are done through BOLT system under S group."

Group TS:
"The “TS” Group consist of scrips in the “ BSE-Indonext” segment which are settled on a trade to trade basis as a surveillance measure."

Group Z:
"The 'Z' group was introduced by the Exchange in July 1999 and includes the companies which have failed to comply with the listing requirements of the Exchange and/or have failed to resolve investor complaints or have not made the required arrangements with both the Depositories, viz., Central Depository Services (I) Ltd. (CDSL) and National Securities Depository Ltd. (NSDL) for dematerialization of their securities."

Group B1 & B2:
All companies not included in group 'A', 'S' or 'Z' are clubbed under this category. B1 is ranked higher than B2.
B1 and B2 groups will be merged as a single Group B effective from March 2008.

Besides these equity groups there are two other groups i.e. Fixed Income Securities (Group F) and Government Securities (Group G).

For more details please visit the source: http://www.bseindia.com/about/tradnset.asp

Jan 20, 2008

Where to get the FII and Mutual Fund investment activity in Indian stock/equity & debt markets?

FII (Foreign Institutional Investors) and Mutual funds activities are very important for short term traders to speculate the trend. Being major players most of the time their actions moves the market up or down. Fortunately SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) publishes the total amount of buying and selling done by FIIs and Mutual Funds in the Indian equity and debt market.

The data are made available to the public through SEBI's website in the "FII / Mutual Funds Trends" column. The webpage gives the last trading day's activities by FIIs and MFs and has archives for each day of current month. To visit the archieves for periods earlier than one month another archive section for both FIIs and Mutual Funds is available. To access any historical data enter the closing date of that month and click 'go'.

According to a note on SEBI's website:
"Note: The data pertains to all the activities undertaken by FIIs in Indian Securities Market, including trades done in secondary market, primary market and activities involoved in right/bonus issues, private placement, merger & acquisition etc."
SEBI has a 'investors awareness campaign' and provides the investors with the latest data/information to help them make informed choices.

Jan 16, 2008

What moves Sensex or Nifty?

We have seen in the previous post the constituents of Sensex/Nifty and their weights in the index. Lets see what is the effect of price change of a stock on the index. We will take the example of S&P CNX Nifty. As discussed before Nifty is an index based on full market capitalization i.e. the index is proportional to the sum of the market capitalization of all its constituent stocks. The weights of the stocks in the index will vary. Lets take the data of 31 December 2007 for understanding the concept. Nifty closed at 6138.6 on December 31, 2007. The top four weighted stocks in Nifty were:
Stock Name Market Capitalisation Weightage

(Rs. Crores) %
Reliance 4,19,043 11.89%
ONGC 2,64,568 7.51%
NTPC 2,06,879 5.87%
Bharti Airtel 1,89,100 5.37%
Total 35,22,527 100%

Suppose Reliance's stock price changes by 10%, how will Nifty change?
This is a very simple question. Since market capitalization is directly proportional to stock price, Reliance's market capitalization will increase by 10%. Assuming other constituents of Nifty unchanged this will lead to an increase in Nifty value by:

Change in Total Market Capitalization of all constituents of Nifty = Change in Market Capitalization of Reliance = 10% of 419043 = 41,904.3

New Total Market Cap = 35,22,527 + 41,904.3 = 35,64,431.3

New Nifty Value / New Total Market Cap = Old Nifty Value / Old Total Market Cap

So, New Nifty Value = 6138.6 * 35,64,431.3 / 35,22,527 = 6211.625

Change in Nifty value = 73.025
% change in Nifty = 1.1896%

We got that a 10% change in Reliance's stock price will change Nifty by 1.1896%. This is same as the weight of Reliance in Nifty. So, all this calculation was meaningless and we can find the change directly from the weight of that stock in Nifty :).

Jan 14, 2008

BSNL may sell stocks worth $10billion (Rs 40,000 crores) through India's biggest IPO

Indian Government announced on monday that it may sell $10 billion(Rs. 40,000 crores) stake in BSNL, one of the India's biggest telecom company. This will be done through initial public offering (IPO) of shares and fund will be used for expansions plans. BSNL will be the second biggest telecom company in Asia after China Telecom by market capitalization.

The IPO will value the BSNL at Rs 400,000 crore, much ahead of Bharti Airtel, the country’s No.1 company whose market capitalization is Rs. 172,179 crores (January 14, 2007). BSNL will also become the India's second biggest listed company after Reliance Industries Limited(RIL) which has market capitalization of about Rs 448,193 crore.

On Tuesday India's biggest IPO so far will be opened for subscription. A $3 billion (Rs 11,700 crore) IPO by Reliance Power will break the previous best record of 9,190 crores by the real estate major DLF Ltd.

Jan 12, 2008

How did various Indian stock market indices performed in 2007

Returns of the four major indices of National Stock Exchange(NSE) of India in the year 2007 are are:

CNX 100 CNX 500 Midcap Nifty
56% 61% 78% 53%

While late rally in midcap stocks lead to its overall better performance, CNX500 also outsmarted Nifty50. This suggests that the appreciation of stock prices in the year 2007 was across the market and not limited to the stocks in benchmark indices like Nifty and Sensex.
The graph showing the variation within the year of the above indices:
Relative performance of the four indices is shown in the graph below:

Correlation of Sensex and Nifty

How much correlated are Sensex and Nifty? Lets look at the graphs of the two indices for last five years:Analyzing the data for last five years using regression shows a high correlation between them. Lets look at the picture for last one year.

Based on the past data, one can easily conclude that Sensex and Nifty are highly correlated indices.

What is BSE Sensex? What constitutes Sensex?

SENSEX (Sensitive Index) is the India's most popular stock market index developed by Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) in 1986. SENSEX has 30 constituent stocks representing a sample of large, liquid and representative companies. The base year of SENSEX is 1978-79 and the base value is 100.

The Index was initially calculated based on the "Full Market Capitalization" methodology but was shifted to the free-float methodology with effect from September 1, 2003. The level of index at any point of time reflects the Free-float market value of 30 component stocks relative to a base period.

The selection of constituents in SENSEX is based on several factors including the listed history, trading frequency, rank based on market capitalization and liquidity, industry representation, etc.

The index is reviewed every quarter and in the case of a revision in the Index constituents, the announcement of the change is made at least six weeks in advance of the actual change.

The present constituents of SENSEX are:

Name Industry
ACC Ltd. Cement
Ambuja Cements Ltd. Cement
Bajaj Auto Ltd. Automobile - 2/3 wheeler
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. Electrical Equipment
Bharti Airtel Ltd. Telecommunication
Cipla Ltd. Pharmaceuticals
DLF Ltd. Construction
Grasim Industries Ltd. Cement
HDFC Finance - Housing
HDFC Bank Ltd. Banking
Hindalco Industries Ltd. Aluminium
Hindustan Unilever Ltd. Diversified
ICICI Bank Ltd. Banking
Infosys Technologies Ltd. Softwares
ITC Ltd. Diversified
Larsen & Toubro Limited Engineering
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. Automobiles - 4 wheelers
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Automobiles - 4 wheelers
NTPC Ltd. Power
ONGC Ltd. Oil Exploration/Production
Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. Pharmaceuticals
Reliance Communications Limited Telecommunication
Reliance Energy Ltd. Power
Reliance Industries Ltd. Diversified
Satyam Computer Services Ltd. Softwares
State Bank of India Banking
Tata Consultancy Services Limited Softwares
Tata Motors Ltd. Automobiles - 4 wheelers
Tata Steel Ltd. Steel
Wipro Ltd. Softwares



The weightage and market capitalization of the constituents of Nifty as on 11 January 2008 are shown below:

Name Free-Float Market Capitalization (Rs. Crores) Weight in Sensex (%)
ACC Ltd. 10,105.36 0.72
Ambuja Cements Ltd. 12,685.74 0.9
Bajaj Auto Ltd. 16,555.77 1.17
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. 64,149.25 4.55
Bharti Airtel Ltd. 41,721.91 2.96
Cipla Ltd. 10,316.99 0.73
DLF Ltd. 30,585.98 2.17
Grasim Industries Ltd. 23,225.91 1.65
HDFC 72,575.42 5.15
HDFC Bank Ltd. 49,869.91 3.54
Hindalco Industries Ltd. 17,386.76 1.23
Hindustan Unilever Ltd. 24,753.83 1.75
ICICI Bank Ltd. 157,659.91 11.18
Infosys Technologies Ltd. 76,723.99 5.44
ITC Ltd. 58,650.90 4.16
Larsen & Toubro Limited 109,360.09 7.75
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. 15,231.08 1.08
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. 12,982.17 0.92
NTPC Ltd. 33,678.60 2.39
ONGC Ltd. 55,905.85 3.96
Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. 10,326.60 0.73
Reliance Communications Limited 57,241.77 4.06
Reliance Energy Ltd. 37,925.18 2.69
Reliance Industries Ltd. 227,361.54 16.12
Satyam Computer Services Ltd. 26,113.26 1.85
State Bank of India 57,722.49 4.09
Tata Consultancy Services Limited 24,197.37 1.72
Tata Motors Ltd. 17,635.05 1.25
Tata Steel Ltd. 43,674.83 3.1
Wipro Ltd. 14,190.08 1.01
TOTAL 1,410,513.59 100%

What is S&P CNX Nifty? What constitutes Nifty?

S&P CNX Nifty (Standard & Poor's CRISIL National Stock EXchange index-NSE fifty) is the benchmark index of NSE reflecting the performance of Indian stock markets. The fifty stocks in the index have market capitalization more than that of rest of the traded stocks at NSE. Nifty is managed by India Index Services and Products Ltd. (IISL), a joint venture between NSE and CRISIL.

Nifty is computed using market capitalization weighted method. Hence, the level of the index reflects the total market value of all the stocks in the index relative to base period (index base value of 1000 on November 3, 1995).

The stocks for inclusion in Nifty have to satisfy several criterias like liquidity (measured by impact cost), market capitalization, floating stocks, etc.

The present constituents of Nifty are:

Company Name Industry
ABB Ltd. Electrical Equipment
ACC Ltd. Cement
Ambuja Cements Ltd. Cement
Bajaj Auto Ltd. Automobile - 2/3 wheeler
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. Electrical Equipment
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Refineries
Bharti Airtel Ltd. Telecommunication
Cairn India Ltd. Oil Exploration/Production
Cipla Ltd. Pharmaceuticals
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Pharmaceuticals
GAIL (India) Ltd. Gas
Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Pharmaceuticals
Grasim Industries Ltd. Cement
HCL Technologies Ltd. Softwares
HDFC Bank Ltd. Banking
Hero Honda Motors Ltd. Automobile - 2/3 wheeler
Hindalco Industries Ltd. Aluminium
Hindustan Unilever Ltd. Diversified
HDFC Ltd. Finance - Housing
I T C Ltd. Diversified
ICICI Bank Ltd. Banking
Idea Cellular Ltd. Telecommunication
Infosys Technologies Ltd. Softwares
Larsen & Toubro Ltd. Engineering
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. Automobiles - 4 wheelers
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Automobiles - 4 wheelers
NTPC Ltd. Power
National Aluminium Co. Ltd. Aluminium
Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. Oil Exploration/Production
Punjab National Bank Banking
Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. Pharmaceuticals
Reliance Communications Ltd. Telecommunication
Reliance Energy Ltd. Power
Reliance Industries Ltd. Diversified
Reliance Petroleum Ltd. Refineries
Satyam Computer Services Ltd. Softwares
Siemens Ltd. Electrical Equipment
State Bank of India Banking
Steel Authority of India Ltd. Steel
Sterlite Industries (India) Ltd. Metals
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Pharmaceuticals
Suzlon Energy Ltd. Electrical Equipment
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. Softwares
Tata Motors Ltd. Automobiles - 4 wheelers
Tata Power Co. Ltd. Power
Tata Steel Ltd. Steel
Unitech Ltd. Construction
Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd. Telecommunication
Wipro Ltd. Softwares
Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd. Media


Sector No. of companies in Nifty
Automobile 5
Cement & Construction 4
Diversified 3
Electrical Equipment 4
Engineering 1
Financial 5
Gas & Oil 3
Media 1
Metals 5
Pharmaceuticals 5
Power 3
Refineries 2
Softwares 5
Telecommunication 4

The weightage and market capitalization of the constituents of Nifty as on 31 december 2007 are shown below:
S.N. STOCK Market Capitalisation (Rs. Crores) Weightage %
1 ABB 32,046 0.91%
2 ACC 19,227 0.55%
3 BAJAJ AUTO 26,590 0.75%
4 BHARTI AIRTEL 1,89,100 5.37%
5 BHEL 1,26,773 3.60%
6 BPCL 18,932 0.54%
7 CIPLA 16,529 0.47%
8 NTPC 2,06,879 5.87%
9 DRREDDY 12,312 0.35%
10 GAIL 45,970 1.31%
11 GLAXO 8,701 0.25%
12 GRASIM 33,573 0.95%
13 AMBUJA CEMENT 22,379 0.64%
14 HCL TECH 21,882 0.62%
15 HDFC 80,804 2.29%
16 HDFC BANK 61,223 1.74%
17 HERO HONDA 13,905 0.39%
18 HINDALCO 26,366 0.75%
19 UNILEVER 46,868 1.33%
20 CAIRN 45,749 1.30%
21 ICICI BANK 1,35,658 3.85%
22 INFOSYS 1,01,153 2.87%
23 UNITECH 79,424 2.25%
24 ITC 78,875 2.24%
25 RPL 1,00,530 2.85%
26 L&T 1,21,406 3.45%
27 MARUTI 28,732 0.82%
28 M&M 21,182 0.60%
29 IDEA 36,658 1.04%
30 NATIONAL ALUMINIUM 31,246 0.89%
31 ONGC 2,64,568 7.51%
32 STERLITE 73,314 2.08%
33 PNB 20,952 0.59%
34 RANBAXY 15,874 0.45%
35 RELIANCE POWER 50,451 1.43%
36 RELIANCE INDUSTRIES 4,19,043 11.90%
37 SAIL 1,17,531 3.34%
38 SATYAM COMPUTERS 30,260 0.86%
39 SBI 1,24,793 3.54%
40 SIEMENS 31,867 0.90%
41 SUN PHARMA 24,208 0.69%
42 SUZLON 57,985 1.65%
43 TATA POWER 31,958 0.91%
44 RELIANCE COMMUNICATIONS 1,53,921 4.37%
45 TATA MOTORS 28,601 0.81%
46 TCS 1,05,435 2.99%
47 TATA STEEL 68,356 1.94%
48 VSNL 21,787 0.62%
49 WIPRO 76,769 2.18%
50 ZEEL 14,180 0.40%

TOTAL 35,22,527 100.00%

Data Source: NSE

Nov 19, 2007

Top 10 stock markets by capitalization

The top 10 biggest stock markets in the world when ranked on the basis of the market capitalization of all the shares of the domestic companies is:

Market Capitalization in trillion US Dollars:

Rank Stock Exchange Oct-07 End 2006 End 2005
1 NYSE Group 16.3 15.4 13.6
2 Tokyo SE 4.6 4.6 4.6
3 Nasdaq 4.4 3.9 3.6
4 London SE 4.2 3.8 3.1
5 Hong Kong Exchanges 3.0 1.7 1.1
6 Deutsche Börse 2.1 1.6 1.2
7 BME Spanish Exchanges 1.8 1.3 1.0
8 Australian SE 1.5 1.1 0.8
9 Swiss Exchange 1.3 1.2 0.9
10 Borsa Italiana 1.1 1.0 0.8

Source of Data : World Federation of Exchanges

Nov 11, 2007

Nasdaq to acquire Philadelphia exchange for $652m

National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASDAQ), New York based stock market, is acquiring the Philadelphia stock exchange (PHLX) for $652 million cash to expand into the fast-growing options trading business.

Philadelphia exchange is third largest option exchange in the US. Its majority of shares are owned by the six Wall Street firms – Merrill Lynch, Citadel Derivatives, Morgan Stanley, Citigroup, Credit Suisse and UBS. These six firms together own 89.4% stake in PHLX.

The deal is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2008 and this takeover will boost the Nasdaq earning starting 2009.